ClinVar Miner

Submissions for variant NM_000506.5(F2):c.*97G>A

gnomAD frequency: 0.00979  dbSNP: rs1799963
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Total submissions: 25
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Submitter RCV SCV Clinical significance Condition Last evaluated Review status Method Comment
Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp RCV000205022 SCV000262466 pathogenic, low penetrance Congenital prothrombin deficiency 2024-01-31 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing This variant occurs in a non-coding region of the F2 gene. It does not change the encoded amino acid sequence of the F2 protein. This variant is present in population databases (rs1799963, gnomAD 1.8%), and has an allele count higher than expected for a pathogenic variant. This sequence change (rs1799963) is a common variant associated with prothrombin-related thrombophilia. It has historically been called prothrombin 20210G>A. As many as 1.7% to 3% of the general U.S. and European populations are heterozygous for this sequence change (PMID: 9569177, 20301327). Heterozygosity for this variant is associated with increased prothrombin levels, and a 2- to 4-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis over the baseline population (PMID: 19289024, 20301327). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 13310). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic (low penetrance).
Counsyl RCV000014237 SCV000677907 pathogenic Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 2015-08-10 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing
Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine RCV000826090 SCV000967587 risk factor Venous thromboembolism 2019-12-04 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing F2 c.*97G>A (also known as c.20210G>A or G20210A) has been associated with increased risk for venous thromboembolism. This variant has been observed in multiple ethnic backgrounds with highest frequencies in individuals of Latino ancestry (1.8%, Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD); rs121909293) and is present in ClinVar (ID: 13310). At least two large meta analyses has reported an odds ratio of 3.18-5.18 for developing venous thromboembolism (OR=3.18 [95% CI 2.19-3.46] Gohil 2009, OR=5.38 [95% CI 3.96-8.58] Gonzalez 2016). In vitro functional studies provide some evidence that the c.*97G>A variant may impact protein function (Gehring 2001, Danckwardt 2004). In summary, this variant is not expected to cause highly penetrant Mendelian disease. c.*97G>A variant is an established risk factor for venous thromboembolism.
Mendelics RCV000014237 SCV001138282 pathogenic Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 2019-05-28 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing
CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen RCV001091960 SCV001248265 pathogenic not provided 2024-05-01 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing F2: PS3:Very Strong, PP1:Strong
Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences RCV000205022 SCV001251846 pathogenic Congenital prothrombin deficiency 2024-07-20 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina RCV001091960 SCV001262797 pathogenic not provided 2022-09-28 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing The F2 c.*97G>A variant, previously known as prothrombin 20210G>A or G20210A, occurs in the 3' untranslated region of the F2 gene and results in the substitution of a guanine at nucleotide position c.*97 with an adenine. The c.*97G>A variant is a well-documented variant associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Across a selection of the available literature, heterozygosity for the c.*97G>A variant has been estimated to confer an increased risk of VTE between 1.9 to 11.5 fold, with the majority of estimates falling between 2 and 5 fold. Homozygosity for this variant is presumed to confer a higher risk of VTE, however the magnitude of this risk is not well defined (PMID: 20301327; PMID: 30297698). Data from a 2009 meta-analysis indicated that while heterozygosity for the c.*97G>A variant confers an increased risk for initial VTE, it was not predictive of recurrent events (PMID: 19531787). The highest frequency of this allele in the Genome Aggregation Database is 0.03165 in the Middle Eastern population (version 3.1.2). This frequency is high but is consistent with disease prevalence estimates and incomplete penetrance among variant carriers. Functional studies indicate that the c.*97G>A variant enhances 3' end processing of pre-mRNA, which results in increased mRNA production and elevated prothrombin levels (PMID: 8916933; PMID: 15059842). Based on the collective evidence, the c.*97G>A variant is classified as pathogenic with reduced penetrance for thrombophilia due to thrombin defect.
Neurogenetics Research Program, University of Adelaide RCV001794446 SCV001737608 risk factor Cerebral palsy 2021-06-10 criteria provided, single submitter research Heterozygosity for F2 c.*97G>A (G20210A, rs1799963) is the second most common genetic risk factor for venous thrombosis
GeneDx RCV001091960 SCV001822471 pathogenic not provided 2022-05-13 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing Also known as 20210G>A and G20210A due to alternate nomenclature; Published functional studies demonstrate elevated plasma levels of prothrombin (Danckwardt et al., 2004); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 22909823, 26732783, 29431110, 25528068, 26422681, 25772935, 15059842, 22021457, 19356951, 22023246, 20723024, 24619398, 11583312, 8916933, 25977387, 22141575, 27031503, 19652888, 15726653, 28707429, 22023244, 31472339, 25028703, 32155011, 26148378, 24016568, 25693916, 29974397, 30005273, 26226452, 34570182, 16411414, 9238178, 11684865, 10456622, 25509247, 11864707, 10507841, 33258288, 11737249, 11064483, 10406905, 11190909, 11114826)
ISTH-SSC Genomics in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, KU Leuven, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology RCV000014237 SCV002500854 pathogenic Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing
Laboratorio de Genetica e Diagnostico Molecular, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein RCV000014237 SCV003806787 pathogenic Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 2022-08-02 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing ACMG classification criteria: PS4 strong, PP1 strong
Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp RCV000014237 SCV003844696 pathogenic Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 2023-02-14 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing Variant summary: F2 c.*97G>A (also known as c.20210G>A or G20210A) is located in the untranslated mRNA region downstream of the termination codon. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0096 in 150958 control chromosomes in the gnomAD database (v3.1 genomes dataset), including 18 homozygotes. Heterozygosity for this variant is associated with increased prothrombin levels (e.g. Gehring_2001, Foy_2009), and several meta analyses reported 2- to 4-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis (e.g. Kujovich_2006, Ho_2006, Foy_2009, Gonzalez_2016, Shemes_2017, Baylis_2021), describing this variant as the second most common inherited thrombophilic risk factor. In addition, a recent study reported an even higher relative risk for venous thromboembolism (OR = 5 (95% CI 2.1-11.92)) for homozygous individuals (Shemes_2017). At least one publication reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function and demonstrated that the variant caused increased cleavage site recognition and subsequently increased 3' end processing, mRNA accumulation, and increased protein synthesis (Gehring_2001), which can explain the elevated prothrombin plasma concentrations. 12 submitters have provided clinical-significance assessments for this variant in ClinVar after 2014, and classified the variant as pathogenic (n=5), VUS (n=2), benign (n=1), or risk factor (n=4). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant represents a well-known hypermorphic mutation, which causes an increase in normal gene function, resulting in an increased risk of thrombophilia, therefore it was classified as a 'low penetrance pathogenic' (i.e. risk) variant.
Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute RCV000014237 SCV003921890 pathogenic Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 2020-07-22 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing 0101 - Gain of function is a known mechanism of disease in this gene and is associated with thrombophilia due to a thrombin defect (MIM#188050) (OMIM). (I) 0108 - This gene is associated with both recessive and dominant disease. However, this variant is described to be semi-dominant as both homozygotes and heterozygotes are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism, with homozygotes having a greater risk (OMIM, PMID: 30297698). (I) 0112 - The condition associated with this gene has incomplete penetrance (PMID: 30297698). (I) 0217 - Non-coding variant with known effect. The c.*97G>A results in gain-of-function with elevated protein synthesis (PMID: 11443298). (SP) 0251 - This variant is heterozygous. (I) 0303 - Variant is present in gnomAD (v3) >=0.01 for a dominant condition (1343 heterozygotes, 17 homozygotes). (SB) 0504 - Same nucleotide change has been observed in placental mammals. (SB) 0801 - This variant has strong previous evidence of pathogenicity in unrelated individuals. This variant has been reported multiple times as pathogenic for venous thromboembolism and as a risk factor for both stroke and recurrent pregnancy loss (ClinVar; PMID: 30297698). A review study showed this variant is more prevalent in affected Italian, Brazilian and German individuals (PMID: 27031503). (SP) 1205 - This variant has been shown to be maternally inherited. (I) Legend: (SP) - Supporting pathogenic, (I) - Information, (SB) - Supporting benign
Baylor Genetics RCV000014237 SCV004040661 pathogenic Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 2023-07-27 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing
Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital RCV001091960 SCV005090891 pathogenic not provided 2024-07-31 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing
Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Skane University Hospital Lund RCV001091960 SCV005197847 pathogenic not provided 2022-11-10 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing
Centre for Clinical Genetics and Genomic Diagnostics, Zealand University Hospital RCV001091960 SCV005328465 likely pathogenic not provided 2024-08-23 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing
OMIM RCV000014237 SCV000034485 pathogenic Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 2009-06-17 no assertion criteria provided literature only
OMIM RCV000014238 SCV000034486 risk factor Ischemic stroke 2009-06-17 no assertion criteria provided literature only
OMIM RCV000022729 SCV000044018 risk factor Pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility to, 2 2009-06-17 no assertion criteria provided literature only
Reproductive Health Research and Development, BGI Genomics RCV000205022 SCV001142420 risk factor Congenital prothrombin deficiency 2020-01-06 no assertion criteria provided curation NM_000506.3:c.*97G>A was reported as 20210G>A in previous publications. NM_000506.3:c.*97G>A in the F2 gene has an allele frequency of 0.012 in European (non-Finnish) subpopulation in the gnomAD database. This variant is a common variant associated with prothrombin-related thrombophilia (PMID: 9569177, 20301327). Heterozygosity for this variant is associated with increased prothrombin levels, and a 2- to 4-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis over the baseline population (PMID: 19289024). Rosendaal et al. (1997) found that the mutation was associated with a 4-fold increased risk of myocardial infarction in women, while among men the risk was increased 1.5-fold (PMID: 9569177). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as At-risk. Taken together, we interprete this variant as a risk factor.
Centre for Mendelian Genomics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana RCV000022729 SCV001368932 uncertain significance Pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility to, 2 2019-06-21 flagged submission clinical testing This variant was classified as: Uncertain significance. The available evidence on this variant's pathogenicity is insufficient or conflicting. The following ACMG criteria were applied in classifying this variant: PS1.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System RCV000205022 SCV001552413 pathogenic Congenital prothrombin deficiency no assertion criteria provided clinical testing The F2 3' UTR c.*97G>A variant was identified in dbSNP (rs1799963) and Clinvar (classified as pathogenic by Counsyl and Mendelics in relation to venous thrombosis; mixed predictions of pathogenicity in association with congenital prothrombin deficiency). The F2 3' UTR c.*97G>A variant, historically called the prothrombin 20210G>A variant, is associated with increased prothrombin levels in the heterozygous state and has been found to be associated with a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis over the baseline population (Foy_2009_19289024; Ho_2006_16606808). However, the estimated population attributable risk of recurrence for venous thromboembolism is modest (approximately 6.7%; 5% CI, 3.4-9.9%) and likely does not warrant extended anticoagulation treatment (Ho_2006_16606808). The prothrombin 20210G>A variant disrupts the F2 cleavage signal within the 3' UTR, causing increased cleavage site recognition and subsequently increased 3' end processing, mRNA accumulation, protein synthesis, and ultimately elevated plasma prothrombin concentrations (Gehring_2001_11443298). The variant was identified in control databases in 265 of 31396 chromosomes (1 homozygous) at a frequency of 0.8441%, and was observed at the highest frequency in the Latino population in 15 of 848 chromosomes (freq: 0.01769) (Genome Aggregation Database March 6, 2019, v2.1.1). The The F2 3' UTR c.*97G>A variant is not conserved in mammals. In silico predictions predicting the impact of the The F2 3' UTR c.*97G>A variant to the protein are not available. In summary, based on the above information this variant meets our laboratory's criteria to be classified as pathogenic.
GeneReviews RCV000014237 SCV002058094 not provided Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect no assertion provided literature only assoc with increased plasma levels of prothrombin
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System RCV002468555 SCV002764637 established risk allele Thrombophilia caused by F2 prothrombin deficiency no assertion criteria provided research The F2 3' UTR c.*97G>A variant was identified in dbSNP (rs1799963) and Clinvar (classified as pathogenic by Counsyl and Mendelics in relation to venous thrombosis; mixed predictions of pathogenicity in association with congenital prothrombin deficiency). The F2 3' UTR c.*97G>A variant, historically called the prothrombin 20210G>A variant, is associated with increased prothrombin levels in the heterozygous state and has been found to be associated with a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis over the baseline population (Foy_2009_19289024; Ho_2006_16606808). However, the estimated population attributable risk of recurrence for venous thromboembolism is modest (approximately 6.7%; 5% CI, 3.4-9.9%) and likely does not warrant extended anticoagulation treatment (Ho_2006_16606808). The prothrombin 20210G>A variant disrupts the F2 cleavage signal within the 3' UTR, causing increased cleavage site recognition and subsequently increased 3' end processing, mRNA accumulation, protein synthesis, and ultimately elevated plasma prothrombin concentrations (Gehring_2001_11443298). The variant was identified in control databases in 265 of 31396 chromosomes (1 homozygous) at a frequency of 0.8441%, and was observed at the highest frequency in the Latino population in 15 of 848 chromosomes (freq: 0.01769) (Genome Aggregation Database March 6, 2019, v2.1.1). The The F2 3' UTR c.*97G>A variant is not conserved in mammals. In silico predictions predicting the impact of the The F2 3' UTR c.*97G>A variant to the protein are not available. In summary, based on the above information this variant meets our laboratory's criteria to be classified as pathogenic.

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